Nga Painga o te Tangohanga Saffron: He Rongoa Maori mo te Ngaronga Taumaha me te Pai ake

1.Taipitopito Tango hapirone

Ko te hua ka tangohia mai i te waahanga o runga o te ahua me te stigma o Crocus sativus L., he tipu iris. Ko nga kai matua ko te picrocrocin, te pūhui karotene, te safflower aldehyde, te eucalyptol, te pinene me etahi atu matū, kei roto hoki he iti o te Isorhamnetin, kaempferol, huaora B1 me te huaora B2, me etahi atu. rauropi kore utu. Ka taea e ia te aukati i nga tauhohenga o te waikura, te whakapai ake i te mahi mitochondrial, te aukati i te apoptosis o nga pūtau nerve optic, te whakapai ake i te microcirculation, te whakapai ake i te mate, te aukati i te arteriosclerosis, me te aukati i te waikura. Kei a ia nga mahi o te whakaheke toto toto, te whakatairanga choleretics me te tiaki ate, te aukati me te rongoa i te osteoporosis, me te tiaki i nga whatukuhu.

Te tipu puna

 

2. Takenga tipu

Te puna taketake] Ko te waahanga o runga o te ahua me te stigma o te tipu iris Crocus sativus L.

【Alias】 Crocus, haffron.

[Tohatoha] He iti noa te whakatipu whakamātautau i Beijing, Shanghai, Shandong, Zhejiang, Sichuan, Xinjiang, me ētahi atu i Haina, ā, e whakatipuria ana ki tāwāhi i Pāniora, Īrāna, Itari, Tiamana, Wīwī, Kariki, Austria, te Uniana o mua o Sōviete me Hapani.

【Āhua Tipu】Otaota ā-tau. He porowhita ngā puku o raro i te whenua, ā, kapi ana i ngā rau unahi parauri. E 9 ki te 15 ngā rau, e tupu ana mai i te puku, he noho noa, he whaiti, he rārangi, 15 ki te 20 cm te roa, ā, 2 ki te 3 cm te whānui. He piko whakamuri ngā taha o te rau, he huruhuru pai, ā, e 4 ki te 5 ngā unahi whānui e karapotia ana te turanga. . Ko te pito o ngā putiputi, 2.5-3 cm te whānui; ko te perianth e 6 ngā wahi, he porowhita, he lavender, he ngongo putiputi 4-6 cm te roa, he angiangi te āhua o te ngongo, e 3 ngā stamen, he nui ngā anther, he rite te āhua o te turanga ki te pere, e 3 ngā pistil, he carpel hono, he raro te ovary, he kikokore te āhua, he kōwhai, e toru ngā poro hohonu o te tihi, e toro atu ana i waho o te ngongo putiputi, e takoto kau ana, he whero pouri, he paku whakanuia te tihi o te stigma, me te whakatuwheratanga i te āhua o te hāneanea. He roa te kāpū, e toru ngā taha pūngoi, tata ki te 3 cm te roa, ā, 1.5 cm te whānui. Ka tae ki te whenua ina pakari te hua. He maha ngā kākano, he porowhita, ā, he āhua rite te kiri o te kākano. Ko te wā pua mai i te tīmatanga ki waenganui o Noema.

3.Te hanganga matū

1). Hinu Āhuareka Ko te wāhanga hinu āhuareka i roto i te pistil (stigma) o te corolla saffron ka puta mai i te pakaru o ngā carotenes pēnei i te zeaxanthin, ā, he hanganga motuhake tōna. Ko te nuinga o te hinu he safranal i roto i ngā trimethylcycloethylene derivatives, e 50% o te hinu āhuareka katoa. 72%, ko te hua pakaru o te crocin, ā, ko tētahi o ngā tohu whakahaere kounga o te rongoā Hainamana tuku iho Zangsafflower. Kua tautuhia e ētahi tohunga he 46 ngā matū mai i te hinu āhuareka saffron, e 90.99% o te hinu āhuareka katoa. I roto i ēnei, e 5 ngā pūhui ketone i eke ki te 6.16%, e 5 ngā pūhui aldehyde i eke ki te 2.39%, e 6 ngā pūhui waipiro i eke ki te 4.98%, e 6 ngā pūhui waikawa i eke ki te 19.77%, e 8 ngā pūhui olefin i eke ki te 36.42%, ā, e 2 ngā pūhui olefin i eke ki te 5.74%, e 8 ngā pūhui alkane i eke ki te 12.5%, e 2 ngā pūhui ester i eke ki te 0.48%, ā, e 4 atu ngā pūhui i eke ki te 2.55%. I roto i ngā wāhanga hinu ahuarangi kua tautuhia o te saffron, ko ngā mea he nui te ihirangi ko ngā olefin me ngā olefin oxides, he pūhui terpenoid. Hei tāpiri, ko ngā mea he nui te ihirangi he pūhui waikawa.

2). Ngā Flavonoid Kei roto i te perianth o te saffron te nuinga o ngā flavonoid. Ko ētahi o ngā mea e kitea whānuitia ana ko te vetch glycoside, te quercetin-3-p-coumaroylglucoside, te kaempferol-3-glucose-6-acetylglucoside me te Kaempferol-3-glucose-glucoside, delphinidin, trimethyldelphinidin, me ētahi atu.

3). Ngā matūtake hinu whakakorikori. Ko tētahi wāhanga o ngā matūtake hinu whakakorikori i puta mai i ngā ara pirau rerekē i te wā e whakamarokehia ana, e rongoatia ana hoki ngā stigma saffron ko ngā pūhui glycoside o ngā matūtake trimethylcyclohexene, ko te nuinga ko te crocin me ētahi atu. Ko te crocein te wāhanga kawa matua o te saffron. Ka taea te huri hei safranal i raro i ngā āhuatanga waikawa, kawakore rānei, i raro rānei i te mahi a ngā whākōkī. Koinei anō te take he rerekē te ihirangi safranal i roto i ngā momo rerekē.

4). Ngā polyene honohono me ā rātou glycoside Ko ngā polyene honohono me ā rātou glycoside ngā wāhanga matua o te saffron rongoā tuku iho Hainamana. Kei roto i tēnei ko ngā wāhanga e rua: (1) Ngā Carotenoid me ā rātou glycoside Ko te Crocetin te wāhanga matua o ngā carotenoid me ā rātou glycoside. Kei roto ko te carotenoid crocetin me ōna glycoside, pērā i te gentiobioside, te glucoside, te digentisic acid glycoside, te gentioglucoside me te diglucoside; B-crocetin, C-crocetin, me ētahi atu. (2) Ko ngā Carotenes kei roto ko te A me te B-carotene, pērā i te lycopene me te zeaxanthin.

5). Ko etahi atu ko te phenols, chitinase, triterpene saponins me te steroidal saponins.

4.Pmahi harmacological

1). Te Pānga ki te Kōpū He pānga whakahihiri te tangohanga saffron ki te kōpū kua wehea me te kōpū in vivo o ngā kiore, ngā poaka kiore, ngā rāpeti, ngā kurī me ngā ngeru. He tairongo ake te kōpū hapū; ko te raupapa kaha o ngā tangohanga safranin ko: te wai whakapūkara > te tangohanga etanol > ngā wāhanga mimiti > te tangohanga etera. Ka taea te ārai i te pānga o te whakaohooho kōpū mā te ergotamine ethanesulfonate, kāore e pāngia e te atropine. Nō reira, e whakaponohia ana ko tētahi wāhanga o te pānga ki te kōpū he pānga tika ki ngā pūtau pūtau kōpū, ā, ko tētahi wāhanga e pā ana ki ngā kaiwhakawhiwhi adrenergic.

2). Ngā Pānga ki te Pūnaha Tohanga Toto Ka taea e te tangohanga saffron te whakaheke i te toto toto o ngā kurī me ngā ngeru kua whakamoea mō te wā roa, ā, he pānga whakahihiri ki te manawa. Ina whakahekehia te toto toto, ka heke te rahinga o te whatukuhu, e tohu ana i te whakahekenga o te toto o te whatukuhu, ā, he pānga whakawhāiti hoki ki ngā oko toto o te pata. He pānga aukati nui tōna ki te ngākau o te pata kua wehea. E ai ki ngā tātaritanga matū, ko ngā wāhanga e aukati ana i te ngākau e pā ana ki ngā tote pāhare pākawa. Nō reira, me tango tuatahi ngā rangahau rongoā a muri ake nei mō te saffron i ngā tote pāhare pākawa.

3). Te pānga ārai-puku He mārama ngā kaha o ngā whakaritenga saffron ki te ārai-puku me te ārai-matepukupuku, inā koa te tango saffron (dimethylcrocetin) ki te leukemia, te matepukupuku ovarian, te matepukupuku koroni, te rhabdomyosarcoma, te matepukupuku koroni, te papillosarcoma, me te sarcoma pūtau papatahi me te kiko ngohengohe, me ētahi atu. Ko tana tikanga ārai-matepukupuku he whakangaro pea i te pūnaha DNA synthase, arā, te whakangaro i ngā takawaenga whakapā DNA-pūmua pērā i te topoisomerase II he mea nui ki te hanganga DNA pūtau, ā, ka aukati i te hanganga o te DNA me te RNA, ā, ka aukati i te tipu o ngā pūtau pukupuku. Hei tāpiri, ka aukati hoki ngā crocin i te mahi a ngā kinase pūmua pūtau me te whakaaturanga o ngā proto-oncogenes.

4). Te pānga ki te ate me te pūhā He pānga koleretik te tangohanga saffron, ā, ko ōna matū hohe ko te tote konutai α-crocetin me te crocetin ester. Ka taea e te waikawa α-Saffron te whakaheke i te cholesterol me te whakanui ake i te pākia o te ngako. Ka taea te whakamahi me ngā rongoā tuku iho Hainamana pērā i te hawthorn, te cassia, me te Alisma hei rongoā i te ate momona.

5). Te pānga o te antioxidant Ka taea e te tangohanga saffron, inā koa ko te crocin, te aukati i te mahi a ngā radicals kore utu hāora me te xanthine oxidase, e whakaatu ana i te mahi koiora antioxidant.

6). Tiakina ngā whatukuhu. Mā te ako i te tauira nephritis C-BSA kiore, i kitea kua whakaitihia te pūmua mimi me te kino o te whatukuhu i roto i ngā kiore i roto i te rōpū whakamātautau. I roto i ēnei, ko te nuinga o te wā ka aukati i te cyclooxygenase me te whakaiti i te hanga o ngā prostaglandin, ā, ka wetekina ngā uaua whatukuhu, ka piki ake te rere o te toto, me te whakatairanga i te whakatikatika i ngā kino mumura. E kīia ana ka taea e te saffron te whakararuraru i te puta mai o te mumura whatukuhu mā te whakapai ake i te tukunga o ngā pereti toto me ngā takawaenga mumura.

7). Te wawaotanga ki te arrhythmia He pai te pānga o te waikawa crocemic, te matū hohe i roto i te tangohanga saffron, ki ngā tauira arrhythmia ventricular i puta mai i te aconitine, ouabain me te calcium chloride, e whakarato ana i ngā whakamātautau mō te whakamahinga o te saffron hei rongoā mō te arrhythmia. Mā tēnei ka whakaratohia he pūtake whaihua mō te whanaketanga me te rangahau anō mō ​​te saffron hei rongoā tuku iho Hainamana mō te arrhythmia me te ischemia myocardial, e kī ana ka taea te kī ko te saffron he momo hou o te rongoā tuku iho Hainamana hei ārai i ngā mate cardiovascular me te cerebrovascular.

8). Whakahaere i te mahi ārai mate. He mārama ngā pānga o te tangohanga hāpara ki te whakatairanga i te rere o te toto me te tango i te toto e noho pūmau ana, te ārai huakita me te ārai mumura, ā, ka whakarei ake i te manawanui o te tinana me te whakanui ake i te nui o ngā pūtau ārai mate, kia pai ake ai te ārai mate o te tinana, kia whakahaere i te qi me te nekehanga toto o te tinana, me te whakataurite i te tinana tangata. Te tūranga o te yin me te yang.

9). Ārai me te rongoā i te atherosclerosis. He pai te whai huatanga o te tangohanga saffron ki te whakahaere i ngā ngako toto, te whakaheke i te toto toto, ā, nā reira ka ārai me te rongoā i te atherosclerosis.

10). Te tiaki i te retina: I whakamahia ngā rāpeti mā o Aotearoa hei hanga i tētahi tauira kararehe he nui te pēhanga o roto i te kanohi. I werohia he horopeta motuhake o te tangohanga saffron mai i te uaua taringa kotahi i te rā, ā, i whakatūria he rōpū whakahaere pēhanga teitei. I whakaatuhia e ngā hua he nui ake te maha o ngā pūtau ganglion retina i roto i te rōpū maimoatanga i tērā i roto i te rōpū whakahaere pēhanga teitei (P<0.05), e tohu ana i te whakapai ake o te tangohanga saffron i te rere o te toto retina me te aukati i ngā pānga o te ischemia me te hypoxia ki ngā pūtau ganglion retina i raro i ngā āhuatanga pēhanga teitei roa (RGC) me te tiaki i te RGC. E whakaarohia ana ka taea e te tangohanga saffron te tiaki i ngā RGC mā te whakaiti i ngā rauropi kore utu i roto i te retina me te aukati i te kino o ngā rauropi kore utu ki te hanganga membrane, ngā whekau iti me ngā karihi o ngā RGC. 11. Ētahi atu pānga Ka taea e te tangohanga etanoru saffron (CSE) te aukati i te aukati roa (LPT) i roto i te hippocampus i puta mai i te etanoru. I roto i te gyrus serrated o ngā kiore whakamoe, ka taea hoki e te CSE (250 mg·kg-1) te ārai i te aukati LPT i puta mai i te acetaldehyde me te kore e pā ki te mahi ako a ngā kiore. Ka taea e te tango wai o te saffron te aukati nui i te paitini whakaputa uri i puta mai i ngā rongoā anti-matepukupuku pēnei i te cisplatin, cyclophosphamide, mitomycin C me te urethan, i te wā e aukati ana. Kāore te rahi o te pānga i tino pā ki te horopeta. Ko te take nui o tēnei nā te mea ka whakaitihia e te tango saffron ngā pānga o te paitini whakaputa uri ki te ate glutathione S-transferase (GST). Te āhua, te reka me te whai huatanga: reka, koretake, kāore hoki e paitini. Ka uru ki roto i te ngākau me ngā meridian ate. Ka whakatairanga i te rere o te toto me te tango i te toto e noho pūmau ana, ka marara te pouri me te whakatuwhera i ngā pona. Ka taea te whakamahi hei rongoā i te pouri, te kikī o te uma me te diaphragm, te ruaki toto, te kirika taipoi, te wehi me te moemoeā, te amenorrhea i roto i ngā wāhine, te toto e noho pūmau ana i muri i te whānautanga me te mamae o te puku, me te pupuhi me te mamae mai i te hinganga.

              

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